Italy · Citizenship by descent

Italian citizenship by descent after the 2025 reform

Italy’s 2025 reform changed the analysis for many people born abroad who also hold another citizenship. A long Italian family line is no longer enough by itself; the application date, generation, citizenship status, residence facts, and available exceptions must be reviewed together.

Begin with the current law, not the old family-tree rule of thumb.

The Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs explains that post-reform applications by people born abroad with another citizenship are subject to new conditions and exceptions.

The published examples include a parent or grandparent who held only Italian citizenship, or a qualifying parent’s period of residence in Italy before the applicant’s birth. Transitional and judicial questions require case-specific review.

Official sources for this guidance

The evidence spans two countries and several legal events.

  • Italian civil records for the relevant ancestor and connecting generations.
  • Foreign civil records, amendments, and name reconciliation.
  • Naturalization, non-naturalization, or other citizenship-status evidence.
  • Residence or exclusive-citizenship evidence where the claimed exception requires it.
  • Apostilles and translations prepared for the chosen authority.
Official sources for this guidance

Route selection is a legal question.

Administrative, judicial, and transitional postures should be reviewed against the current law and facts. This guide is general information, not legal advice. Citizenship rules and document instructions can change; confirm the current requirements with the responsible government office before filing.

Official sources for this guidance
Frequently asked

Questions to resolve before you act

Did Italy change citizenship-by-descent rules in 2025?

Yes. Decree-Law No. 36/2025 was converted with amendments into Law No. 74/2025, which introduced new limits and exceptions for people born abroad.

Does a distant Italian ancestor still guarantee a route?

No. The current analysis depends on the statutory conditions, exceptions, timing, and documentary facts—not ancestry alone.

Primary sources

Verify before filing

These official sources were used for the factual review. Open the live instructions before ordering a record or submitting an application.

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